Topics Included: (Q159-Q185)
- Deforestation (CO2/CH4 emissions, RED+, Tropical Forest Forever Facility)
- Ocean & Acidification (CO2 sinks, solubility, ocean acidification chemistry)
- Climate Tipping Points (Permafrost melting, self-sustaining feedback loops, AMOC)
- Carbon Sequestration (Green carbon, blue carbon, teal carbon, peatlands)
- Carbon Capture & Storage (CCUS – pre/post-combustion, direct air capture, oxifuel)
- Biodiversity Levels (Species, genetic, ecological, functional diversity)
- Diversity Scales (Alpha, beta, gamma diversity)
- Species Categories (Indicator, keystone, flagship, foundation, ecosystem engineers)
- IUCN (Critically endangered criteria – 80-90% decline)
- Biodiversity Hotspots (1500 endemic plants, 70% vegetation loss)
- CMS/Bonn Convention (Migratory species protection, range countries)
- CBD (Cartagena & Nagoya protocols, India’s Biodiversity Act 2002)
- SITES (International trade endangered species, three appendices)
- High Seas Treaty (BBNJ – biodiversity beyond EEZ – became binding Jan 2026)
- Conservation Methods (In-situ vs Ex-situ)
- Biosphere Reserves (UNESCO, three zones: core, buffer, transition)
- Project Tiger (1973, NTCA, 70% global tiger population in India)
- Project Elephant (1992, 16 states)
- Lion Census (Every 5 years, 56% forested, 44% non-forested)
- Snow Leopard (Max population in Ladakh, 12 range countries)
- Paris Agreement (India’s Panchamrit goals: 50% renewables 2030, net zero 2070)