Topics Covered: Q40–80 Part 2
- Habitat, Niche & Species Interactions (habitat vs niche, dugong/fig-wasp specialized niches, predation, competition, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, amensalism/allelopathy)
- Bioaccumulation, Biomagnification & Ecological Pyramids
- Ecological Succession (primary/secondary, sere stages, hydrosere/xerosere etc.)
- Biomes (rainforest, savanna, desert, temperate grassland, taiga, tundra, lotic/lentic)
- Eutrophication & Water Quality (BOD/COD, dead zones, algal blooms)
- Previous Year Questions (PYQs) — the UPSC-style statement-based questions.